My mother was cooking in the kitchen when a cry was suddenly let out. “Ouch!” A gash was cut ,and it was bleeding! I felt extremely nervous because l didn’t know how to treat the wounds. Later on I was taught how to treat the wounds. Now please follow me to learn the know-how.
In daily life, children will have skin wounds due to various reasons. Therefore, we must handle these wounds properly to reduce unnecessary infections. Common wound types and treatment methods are:
1. Scratches
Abrasions are the most common type of abrasions on the surface of the skin, and they are usually mild. If there is any dirt on the wound, first wash it with water and soap solution, and then cover the wound with sterile gauze and medicated tape. If the wound is large or bleeding continues, go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible. Band-aids are generally emergency treatment and have no disinfection effect; iodine, because it contains pigments, is not clean, so it can not be applied to some injured parts of the head and face; 30% hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, etc. can be used, but it is irritating.
2. Stabbing
A stab wound is an injury to the human body caused by a sharp puncture. Common sharps include needles, scissors, wooden thorns, etc. The damage is characterized by small skin wounds but often causes deep tissue damage. Due to poor drainage, it is prone to secondary suppuration. Sexual infection or tetanus, etc. Do not hold down the bleeding caused by stab wounds immediately. Bleeding can bring out dirty foreign bodies and reduce the chance of infection. Stabbing injuries generally require the injection of anti-tetanus drugs in the hospital.
3. Cut
Cuts are soft tissue injuries caused by sharp objects acting on the human body. Common sharps include blades, glass and bamboo, etc., with neat edges and relatively light damage to surrounding tissues. Since the wound is relatively clean, ordinary cleaning is sufficient. If there is more bleeding, you need to use direct compression to stop the bleeding, that is, use your fingers or palms with sterile gauze to directly press the wound (the part where there is no foreign body) to control the bleeding. Apply pressure for about 5-15 minutes, and then bandage properly. Wounds caused by glass cuts should be carefully observed. If foreign bodies are suspected, they can be washed repeatedly with clean water. If foreign bodies are found embedded in the wound, they should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible. If the foreign body is pulled out blindly, it may cause a lot of bleeding from the wound.
4. Bite sting
Usually scratches and bites from cats and dogs, and bee stings. Cat and dog scratches and bites can cut and tear tissues, and are often accompanied by tissue contusions of different degrees. Because there are a large number of bacteria in the animal’s mouth, which can enter the wound, it must not be ignored. On-site, immediate and thorough washing of the wound is the key to the success or failure of treatment. Deep wounds should be debrided, foreign bodies and necrotic tissues should be completely eliminated, washed with a large amount of normal saline, prosthetic solution, hydrogen peroxide, etc. The wound is not sutured in principle, and antibiotics, anti-rabies vaccine and tetanus antitoxin should be used at the same time. Bee stings are caused by injecting venom into the skin when the tail needle of a bee punctures the skin. Common bee stings and wasp
stings. For local treatment, use small needles or tape to paste, remove the bee stings, do not squeeze, so as to prevent the poison from entering the skin and causing serious reactions. Bee venom is acidic and can be neutralized with a weakly alkaline solution (such as 5% sodium bicarbonate solution); wasp venom is alkaline and can be neutralized with acetic acid. Calamine lotion can be used externally on local red and swollen areas.
5. Burns and Scalds
Tissue damage is mostly caused by flames, hot liquids (water, soup, oil, etc.), and steam. It is usually necessary to remove the watch, ring, and other restraints to prevent the wound from being swollen and difficult to take off; do not cover the wound with ice to avoid further Destroy the cell tissue of the skin; do not use materials such as red syrup, purple syrup, vinegar, soy sauce, soap, toothpaste, ginger juice or egg white, etc., to avoid deterioration of the injury. Do not puncture the blisters on the injured part without authorization to avoid infection; severe burns or scalds must be sent to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.
Common Items for Treating Wounds
⒈Cleaning and disinfecting agent: 75% alcohol, sulfonium tincture (or sulfaphos), 3% hydrogen peroxide, 2% mercurochrome, 0.9% normal saline. The above disinfectants can be purchased at pharmacies or hospitals.
⒉Dressings: gauze pieces, cotton balls, cotton swabs, bandages, adhesive tapes, wound sticking, etc. The above dressings can be bought in pharmacies or hospitals. Such as self-made gauze pieces, cotton balls, cotton swabs, can be placed in a lunch box for steamer sterilization.
⒊Dress changing appliances: 1 stainless steel lunch box, containing 1 short anatomical toothed and toothless forceps, medical scissors, and cotton balls.
Clinically, wound treatment methods mainly include the following aspects:
1. To clean the wound, use physiological saline for washing, which can effectively remove the dirt in the wound, and the foreign matter in the wound must be removed. The wound can heal smoothly;
2. The wound must be carefully observed, for example, whether there are debris inside, such as glass ballast, rust, etc. If the patient’s wound is caused by an iron nail, it is best to break the cold needle, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of tetanus;
3. Carefully disinfect the patient’s wound with iodophor, and pay attention to aseptic operation throughout the process. The patient’s wound should be carefully judged. If the patient’s wound is clean and within 8 hours, it is best to perform a one-stage suture. Note that the dressing must be changed regularly so that the patient’s wound can heal well.
I agree with you